Despite the design challenge, there are only two grating areas instead of three, which can possibly reduce light loss during transportation. For example, there may be provided an in-coupling grating for coupling an image from a projector into the waveguide, an exit pupil expander grating for expanding the light field in one or more in-plane dimensions of the waveguide, and an out-coupling grating which couples the light field out of the waveguide to the user's eye. The invention relates to an optical waveguide comprising a waveguide body (10) capable of guiding light in a waveguide plane in two dimensions, and a diffractive optical element (22A) provided on a surface or within the waveguide body (10), the diffractive optical element (22A) extending in said two dimensions and each location of the diffractive optical element (22A) having a diffractive optical response for light directed thereto. The diffractive waveguide benefits from the advancement in micro/nano-structures and flat optics, which can realize two-dimensional exit pupil expansion. S 11 A diffractive waveguide display, comprising 3 an optical waveguide comprising a multi-region diffractive structure for modifying a - light field inside the waveguide, E animage projector for providing an image-containing light field inside the optical o waveguide. These regions may contain a non- 3 25 periodic microstructure. Thus, the continuous variation of diffractive optical response is achieved by other properties of the microstructure than feature height. In order to transport the virtual image from the optical engine to our eyes, there are couple-in and couple-out processes with the optical waveguide. A diffractive waveguide was fabricated with grating periods of 382 and 270 nm, which generated a monochromatic virtual image image in green light (520 nm). The regions have a real area and the diffractive optical response within those regions is constant. As an example, a 2D exit pupil expander, which consist of both idealized and real gratings, is . The first and second elements are arranged on . In this context, traditional gratings or zones thereof, in which the same grating unit (like a binary ridge/groove) repeats with a regular period, even if being height-modulated in order to change diffraction efficiency locally, are considered periodic structures. In geometric waveguide, each of the transflective mirrors is deposited with tens of layers of coatings to generate a different reflection/transmission ratio to guarantee the uniformity of output light across the whole eye box. Diffractive Optics Designer starts at a minimum annual salary of $91,800. Thus, to llustrate the full diffractive optical response of the DOE, similar continuous response graphs can be produced for several incident angles, diffraction angles and wavelength parameter sets. Document US2011019258A1 discloses a method for illuminating a light modulator array of a display N 20 device, wherein illuminating light for a liquid crystal on silicon micro-display is provided by = an illuminating unit. Using turn grating for 2D EPE is adopted by most of the mainstream products in the market. In such an example, a second waveguide (not shown) may be adhered to an opposite side of the diffractive filter as waveguide 702. That is, there are no constant-grating regions in the DOE. 140 Locke Drive, Suite A X direction along interpupillary distance). However, we are not satisfied with pupil expansion being limited in the horizontal direction (i.e. In this way AR glasses not only can fit viewers with larger range of interpupillary distance, but also can provide greater compatibility for viewers with various face shapes and nose height. It requires all aspects of this industry to make efforts together. Unfortunately, the fabrication process is very tedious which might lead to a low overall yield. Holographix has extensive experience building diffractive waveguides and has worked with, or is currently working with, many of the pioneers in this market. They will work within a multidisciplinary team . Capabilities. According to one aspect, the invention also provides a method of designing an optical waveguide. "Non-periodic" structure herein means a structure that does not have building unit that repeats at regular intervals. 10. N Fig. 2B, within at least some regions of the DOE, N herein denoted with numeral 22A, the diffractive optical response 28A is constant. Our success has only been made possible with the launch of concurrent innovative solutions by our partners and a stellar example is the Dispelix LED waveguide. N S tolerance to small errors since for example slight misalignments of the beam or beam N travel due to manufacturing errors cause only small changes to the overall output of the system. It can be used for monochrome smart eyeglasses development or it can be used in RGB waveguides with multiple input couplers for polychrome applications. For diffraction grating instead, this ratio can be controlled by the grating parameter such as duty cycle or geometry, which can be easily written in the mask of lithography or holography and printed onto the grating thin film through one-time exposure. Similarly, this light splitting due to color dispersion happens in both reflective diffraction and transmissive dispersion. However, the . The IP was then acquired or licensed by Microsoft and Vuzix respectively, who are both using a similar layout as the baseline in their designs. ", "Dispelix is very excited to finally unveil our partnership with JBD the end result of joint R&D activities that are enabling the next-generation of AR eyewear," said Jussi Rahomaki, Chief Product Officer for Dispelix. The optical waveguide according to claim 1, wherein said constant-response regions (24A) are distributed in the diffractive optical element (22A) in two dimensions of the o waveguide plane. We propose a method to construct a compact dual focal-plane optical see-through near-eye display using diffractive waveguides and multiple lenses. Holographix' Diffractive Waveguide Manufacturing Capabilities: The range of custom diffractive waveguide specifications that we can support include: Specifications. As a result, light may take more bounces within the waveguide and interacting with the DOE, still maintaining its direction and power, i.e., N heading where it is intended to go with good efficiency. 1 shows a schematic perspective view of a waveguide having a DOE with continuous diffractive optical response and three-dimensional graph of an exemplary response. The substrate has two substantially parallel surfaces, and light 7 coupled into the substrate is reflected several times on the surfaces of the substrate a before being coupled out of the substrate. Google has not. Reflective waveguides are a viable alternative for the fabrication of low-weight AR devices. Find methods information, sources, references or conduct a literature review on . The waveguide according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the waveguide is a display waveguide of a diffractive personal display, such as a head mounted display or head-up display, and the diffractive optical element (22A) is an in-coupling diffractive optical element, exit pupil expander diffractive optical element or out-coupling diffractive optical element thereof, or a combination diffractive optical element serving for two or more of said functions. Alexander Buttner. Not only is this inefficient, but it gives the glowing eyes cyborg effect. 4. Dispelix is an advanced waveguide designer and manufacturer, delivering next-generation visual solutions for both consumer as well as enterprise AR and MR wearables. The overall yield and scalability are more controllable. The red color will have fewer TIR bounces inside the waveguide than the green color, with blue color having the most bounces. Grating pitch: down to 200 nm. Optical waveguide and diffractive waveguide display, 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Diffraction gratings structurally combined with one or more further optical elements, e.g. To summarize, the physics of optical diffraction leads to strong selectivity of input angle and wavelength, mainly expressed in the color non-uniformity across FOV and eye box, with the former or both addressed as rainbow effect. The diffractive waveguide covers the surface relief grating (SRG) structure and volumetric holographic grating (VHG) structure. Between these regions, i.e. However, it should be noted that in the present invention, to achieve the continuous transition, all or part of the DOE can be non- periodic, whereby the term DOE herein covers also other structures than gratings (in the sense that the term "grating" is usually understood as a periodic structure). Katherine Valenti 2022-07-25T20:04:00-04:00 2022-07-25 | Articles, White Papers | Lochn LBS Article. The method comprises choosing a first desired optical response of a first region of the diffractive optical element, choosing at least one second desired optical response of at least one second region of the diffractive optical element, interpolating a plurality of further optical responses of a plurality locations between the first region and the at least one second region so that an essentially continuous optical response distribution is formed. The results are verified by electromagnetic grating theory and applied to the construction of diffractive waveguide lenses with an improved overall efficiency. All three companies will . The global Diffractive Waveguide market size is projected to reach US$ million by 2028, from US$ million in 2021, at a CAGR of % during 2022-2028. Facebook Twitter LinkedIn WhatsApp Email. However, the high design and manufacturing barriers, as well as the fundamental issues such as rainbow effect, making an ideal pair of wearable AR glasses still yet to achieve. The design barrier is higher than traditional optics, mainly due to the requirement of new simulation tools for physical optics to design the grating part, after which the geometric ray tracing simulation needs to be combined together. Head of AR Waveguide Products. Position Summary: The Optical Waveguide Engineer will support R&D, new product development and production while directly reporting to the Optics group. Although the response is herein illustrated only for one predefined diffraction angle with a predefined angle of incidence and wavelength, the intensity typically changes continuously for a plurality of angles of incidence and/or wavelengths. (508) 251-2884 The polychrome projector is only 1.3cc in volume, has a FOV of 30 & weighs nominally 2.3 grams. Best place to learn about AR& VR. We use cookies to understand how you use our site and to improve your experience. Each diffraction order will continue to propagate along a different direction, including reflective diffraction (R0, R1, R2, ) and transmissive diffraction (T0, T1, T2,). Almost all AR headsets today, including HoloLens 2 and Magic Leap One, use a diffractive waveguide. JBD & Dispelix have brought together their respective expertise in MicroLED displays, light engines and diffractive waveguide combiners - including at least one bleeding-edge model combining binocular waveguides and polychrome MicroLED projectors. Document US2017031171A1 discloses an optical system that includes a waveguide with multiple diffractive optical elements, one or more of the elements being configured with gratings that have varying depth and varying directions for depth modulation, in which the modulation direction is aligned with the steepest change of grating depth. The 2nd generation of AR glass product recently released by Rokid also adopted binocular diffractive waveguide solution. We integrate all aspects of the optical experience to fully control how the user sees both the real world and the overlaid computer generated image. A virtual image from a display device is projected into a three-grating waveguide using an objective lens, and a virtual image can be shown at a far distance with an extended eye box. According to one aspect, there is provided an optical waveguide comprising a waveguide body capable of guiding light in a waveguide plane in two dimensions, and a diffractive optical element provided on a surface or within the waveguide body, the diffractive optical element extending in said two dimensions and each location of the diffractive optical element having a diffractive optical response for light directed thereto. We can see that after light is coupled into waveguide through input grating, it encounters with the fold or turn grating area, whose grating periodicity direction has an angle with respect to that of the input grating. Therefore, its a shared challenge and target in this industry to use one thin layer of waveguide to take care of all RGB colors while reaching the largest FOV.

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